太奇名师齐辙解析2015年联考英语(二)阅读理解(2)

2014-12-29 16:12 | 太奇MBA网

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　　For years, studies have found that first-generation collage students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created "a paradox" in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has "continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close" an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.

　　But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.

　　The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree.

　　Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.

　　Many first-generation students "struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the 'rules of the game,' and take advantage of colleges resources,” they write, And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don't talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students."Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students' educational experiences, many first-generation students lack insight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students "like them' can improve."

　　选项与解析：

　　26. Recruiting more first-generation students has .

　　原文定位：But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created 'a paradox' in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has 'continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close' an achievement gap based on social class 又是一道综合细节题。原文说原来的目标是希望能让屌丝逆袭，但事与愿违。所以选没能够达成预期目标。这道题出得点赞。

　　[A] reduced their dropout rates—无关

　　[B] narrowed the achievement gap—相悖

　　[C] depressed college students—无关

　　[D] missed its original purpose

　　27. The authors of the research article are optimistic because .

　　原文定位：But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem 原文说为什么乐观，因为为解决这个问题提供了一种潜在的可能。对应了答案的这个问题能被解决。我又要矫情了，这个答案并不好，和原文的重合度不是那么高。如果我给答案，答案会是：addressing the problem shows promise.

　　[A] their findings appeal to students—无关

　　[B] the recruiting rate has increased—无关

　　[C] the problem is solvable

　　[D] their approach is costless—无关

　　28. The study suggests that most first-generation students .

　　原文定位：Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need 纯细节题，没什么好说，送分没商量。

　　[A] study at private universities—无关

　　[B] are from single-parent families—无关

　　[C] are in need of financial support

　　[D] have failed their college—无关

　　29. The authors of the paper believe that first-generation students .

　　原文定位：first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students 纯细节题，原文的deal with换成了答案中的handling, issues没变，其实可以变成problems. 送分题，拿下。

　　[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap—无关

　　[B] can have a potential influence on other students—无关

　　[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects—无关

　　[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college

　　30. We may infer from the last paragraph that .

　　原文定位：And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don't talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students. “Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students' educational experiences 典型先果后因，言下之意是现在出现这种情况，恰恰是大学应该部分上负起责任。这道题证明了我一直强调的真实考试时复杂推断A—B, 简单推断偏细节的原则是靠谱的。

　　[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class—推不出

　　[B] colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

　　[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences—推不出

　　[D] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources—推不出

　　总结：这篇文章是有点心理学意思的简化版学术论文。难度远低于2011、2012、2013和2014年初第二篇。这篇文章，应该位于整套题第一篇文章的位置。