MBA英语：浅析句子构成成分
2014-07-18 14:34 | 太奇MBA网
管理类硕士官方备考群，考生互动，择校评估，真题讨论 点击加入备考群>>MBA联考英语在整体中占有很大比重，今天简单介绍下构成句子的成分，一共分为九种：主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，补语，同位语和插入语。
一、主语：句子的核心主体，通常位于谓语动词之前，表明一个句子是谁或何种情况所发出
执行或是承受的。常做主语的有名词、代词、主语从句、V-ing 、To do 五种。
1 名词：
Success is the result of good judgment.
Life lights the candle of hope.
2 代词：
We live and learn.
I doubt, therefore I think. I think, therefore I am.
3 主语从句：
How a person masters his fate is more important than what his fate is.
What is worth doing is worth doing well.
4 V-ing:
Losing can be a real beginning.
Believing in yourself is the secret of success.
5 To do:
To light the candle of heart is better than to curse the darkness of the outside
world.
To know is wisdom and to do is a skill.
二、谓语：描述或阐述主语的情况，由动词来充当，常位于主语之后。
1 表状态用系动词：
Life is full of ups and downs.
Life is hope and hope is life.
2 表动作用及物或不及物动词：
Many hands make light work.
I came I saw I conquered.
3 表拥有：人或物时用：have has 无生命的东西：there be
Every dog has its day.
In a full heart, there is room for everything.
4 情态动词+动词原形：
A man may die, nations may fall, but an idea lives on.
三、宾语：及物动词或介词所指向的对象。常做宾语的有名词、宾语从句、复合结构、V-ing 、
To do 五种。
1 名词：
Reading enriches our mind.
Haste makes waste.
2 宾语从句：
Goals determine what you are going to be.
Temptation discovers what we are.
3 复合结构：
If you lack confidence you will find it hard to win.
4 V-ing:
You are never a loser until you quit trying.
Reading is like opening a window to the outside world.
5 To do:
Winners expect to win in advance.
One should learn to forgive.
四、表语：接在系动词后，补充说明主语的情况又称为主语补足语。常做表语的有名词、形
容词、V-ing 、To do、从句五种。
1 名词：
Life is not a bed of roses.
Today is our only sure possession.
2 形容词：
Time is fleeting and art is long.
Change is constant.
3 V-ing:
Courage is doing what others think you can’t do.
Life is painting a picture, not doing a sum.
4 To do:
To change attitude is to change life.
The proper function of man is to live, not to exist.
5 从句：
The real measure of success is how happy we are.
Love is what links two souls.
五、定语：修饰名词或类似于名词的词。一般翻译为“„„..的”，表示事物性质或状态，
分为前置或后置。常做定语的有形容词、名词、V-ing 、To do、从句五种。
1 形容词：
A warm smile is the universal language.
Each moment in history is a fleeting time.
2 名词：
Adversity teaches one a great deal about survival skills.
Life education is the basis for success in the knowledge society.
名词做定语(名词修饰名词重要原则：第一个名词一般用单数 以下为常用名词修饰名词词
组)
1 Information technology
2 Information center
3 Credit card
4 Generation gap
5 Beauty contest
6 Communication skills
7 Information age
8 Knowledge economy
9 Peace talks
10 Service industry
11 Water scarcity
12 Survival skills
13 Press conference
14 Safety standard
15 Life insurance
16 Weather forecast
17 Reception desk
18 Coffee break
19 Body guard
20 Heart attack
21 Department store
22 Stock market
23 Office building
24 Science fiction
3 V-ing:
Failure is a learning experience.
The starting point of all achievements is desire.
4 To do:
There is no time to lose.
One’s greatest power is the power to choose.
5 定语从句：
That is a good book which is opened with expectation and closed with profit.
Success is a process that never ends.
六、状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整句的词或句。按照功能分十一种：时间、地点、原
因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步、比较、伴随、评注。常做状语的有副词 、状语从句 、
状语从句省略结构 、To do 、V-ing 、V-ed 六种。
1 副词 ：
Still water runs deep.
One should have clearly defined goals.
Excellency is doing ordinary things extraordinarily well.
Clearly, one’s fate is in his/her own hands.
2 状语从句 ：
When an opportunity is neglected, it never comes back to you.
Nothing is ordinary if one knows how to use it.
3 状语从句省略结构 ：
If possible, go after your dream forever!
4 To do ：
To associate with friends, one should be honest and open.
To leap higher, one can draw back.
5 V-ing ：
Lacking a clear world outlook, life becomes a kind of burden.
Bad books are poison, doing harm to one’s heart and soul.
6 V-ed ：
United we stand; divided we fall.
Well done, the smallest task becomes a miracle of achievement.
七、补语：主语补足语(补充说明主语的情况，又称表语)、宾语补足语(补充说明宾语的
情况)常做宾语补足语的有形容词和To do 两种。
1 形容词：
Histories make men wise.
Love makes the world more colorful for all.
2 To do:
Difficulties train one to be great.
Motive urges one to make progress.
八、同位语：句子中的两种成份表达同一种概念，即A=B 称之为同位语。常做同位语的有
名词和从句两种。
1 名词：
We should make full use of today, the hope of tomorrow.
Never give up your dream, the source of happiness.
2 从句：
Failure is a sign that one should explore other opportunities.
The fact that you have tried your best is in itself a big victory.
九、插入语
插入语是说话者对所表达意思的补充、强调、解释或者说话的态度，其位置灵活，常常用逗
号或破折号与其它成分隔开，并且在语法上不影响其他成分。
1 Indeed 的确，
2 Surely 无疑，
3 However 然而，
4 Obviously 显然，
5 Frankly 坦率地说，
6 Naturally 自然，
7 Luckily (或happily)for somebody 算某人幸运，
8 Fortunately/Luckily 幸好，
9 Roughly 大体上来说，
10 Briefly 简单地说,
11 Strange to say 说也奇怪，
12 Needless to say 不用说，
13 Most important of all 最为重要是，
14 Worse still 更糟糕的是，
15 In a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之，
16 In other words 换句话说，
17 In a sense 在某种意义上，
18 In general 一般说来，
19 In my view 在我看来，
20 In conclusion 总之，
21 In summary 概括地说，
22 To be true 诚然，
23 In the first place 首先
